Process for the production of nonknocking motor fuels



'15 knocking benzines can be so in: point of'the Patented Jan. 7, 1941 v UNITED STATES PROCESS FOR THE NONKNOCKING MOTOR FUELS PRODUCTION F 1 Hermann Kaufmann, Leona, and Walter Simon, assi Ludwigshafen-onors, by memo.

Rhine, Germany, assignments, to William Eilyson Currie, New York, N. Y.

- No Drawing.

10 Claims.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of nonknocking motor fuels.

It has already been proposed to heat reduction products of carbon monoxide which are liquid at 5 ordinary or elevated temperatures, together with hydrocarbon products poorer in hydrogen to temperatures above 300 C., if desired in the presence of catalysts immune to sulphur and with an ad- 0 dition of hydrogen under pressure in order to obtain motor fuels. The yields, however, often' leave much to be desired, even when very high pressures, as for example those of 300 atmospheres, are used. 7 i

we have now found that good yields of'non- 'ble while using rigidly arranged catalysts and with the formation-of only small amounts of gaseous hydrocarbons by usin Pressures of more 39 than 350 atmospheres in the presence of nonexidizing gases. v The nonoxi gases used in process should either be inert, as is the case for exampie with methane andnitrogen, or preferably 25 should be'reducing gases, among whichiatter group hydrogen is particularly suitable. The temperatures should be suiiiciently high to effect at least a certain or splitting of the initial materials. Since by such cracking the boilmaterials under treatment is that-the initial materials should have a boiling point range which at least in part is higher than that of the desired motor fuels. Usually products will be treated which as boil above 200 C. The reduction products of carbon. monoxide should essentially consist of lowered it isessential bons but in addition thereto contain v a certain amount of orga c compounds contmning oxygen. They should be liquid or solid at no ordinary room temperature. i. e. normally nongaseous. Under reaction conditions they are, oi course, at least partly in the vapor state. Also the added hydrocarbon products lower in hydrogen should be normally nongasecus.

45 Among the reduction products of carbon monoxide there may be usedin particular fractions boiling above 200 0., the so-calied cogasine. TUB;

- destructive hydrogenation products poor in byso drcgenof coals,tars,mineraloilsorpresaureexstrict! of coals. Deal. and the like, is led together 7 with afiinertges. such or nitrogen. or prefe ably with pressures of for 55 at temperatures. above 400' as for example methane hydroge under obtained without troue a le 400 to'600 a" 0.,usually of from Application my a. 1939. Serial No. In Germany May 9, 1938 450 to 650 0., preferably from 450 to 550 C., over catalysts having a splitting action. Suitable catalysts are mainly heavy metal sulphides, as for example the sulphides of the metals of the 5 5th or 6th groups of the periodic system or the iron group or mixtures 'of sulphides of metals of thefith group and sulphides'having a weak hydrogenatin gaction, as for example iron sulphide. Oxides of the metals of the 5th to the 10 8th, in particular the 5th and 6th, groups of the periodicsystem may also be used. The catalysts. in particular the sulphides, may be applied to carriers, such as for example-bleaching earth or lignite low temperature coke. The catalysts are rigidly arranged in the reaction vessel and are preferably 'used in a shaped condition.

, The following example will further illustrate how the present invention may be carried out in practice but the invention is not restricted to this go example. The parts are by weight.

Example 62 parts of a carbon monoxide reduction product boiling between 200 and 325 C. are mixed with 38 parts of a tar middle oil boiling from 220.to 830 C. obtained from mineral coal and led at 450 C. together with hydrogen under a pressure of 450 atmospheres over a catalyst consisting of bleaching earth with 10 per cent of tungsten sulphide. By a single passage thereare obtained from the mixture 40 per cent of benzine having a specific gravity of 0.!

If the same motion be carried out at 300at- .mospheres, there is obtained at first only per cent of benzine and the activity'of the catalyst subsides so rapidly that after about a week only 15 per cent of benzine are obtained. Y

. 1. The process of producing a nonknocking motor fuel which comprises heating to a cracking temperature a mixture of a normally nongaseous reduction product oi carbon monoxide essentially consisting of hydrocarbons and having at least in part a boiling point range higher than that of desired motor fuel witha normally nongaseous hydrocarbon product having at least in part a boiling point range higher than that of the desired motor fuel and lower in hydrogen than said reduction product, in the presence .of a stationarily arranged catalysthaving a splitting action and of a nonoxidizing gas under a pressure above 350 atmospheres.

2. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which the temperature is at least 400' C. 5

3. Theprocessasclaimedinclaim Linwhich the temperature is between 450 and 850 C.

4. Theprocessasclaimedinclaimi, inwhich the temperature is between 450' and 550 C. 5 5. The process as claimed inclaim 1, in which the pressure is between 400 and 600 atmospheres. 6. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which the nonoxidizing gas is hydrogen.

7. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which 10 thetemperature is between 450 and 550 6., the pressure is between 400 and 600 atmospheres and the nonoxidizing gas is hydrogen.

HERMANN KAUEMANN. WALTER SIMON, 

